Do Witches always work with herbs, crystals, the dead, and tarot?

In a word, no.

You do not have to practice herbalism, work with the dead or read tarot to be a Witch. There are many different forms of witchcraft, and each practitioner’s path may touch some practices while leaving others entirely alone.

Contrary to what social media sometimes suggests, there are not twelve—or twenty, or fifty—official “types of Witch” into which everyone must be sorted. Labels such as green witch, hedge witch, kitchen witch or divination witch can be useful descriptions, but they are not rigid schools with universally agreed-upon requirements. A Witch’s practice may cross several of these categories, change over time or fit none of them.

Witchcraft is an intentional practice of magic, but what that practice looks like varies enormously. A Witch might work with herbs, stones, tarot, spirits, ancestors, gods, candles, incense, symbols, dreams or scrying. Other practices might include sympathetic magic, protection work, healing, spellcraft, trance, prayer or ritual. Some Witches use many of these methods; others build a deep practice around only one or two.

The purpose of the work also varies. Witchcraft may be used for personal growth, healing, protection, devotion, divination, transformation or creating change in one’s life. Some Witches understand deities as archetypes, while others worship or build relationships with them as distinct beings. Some Witches are religious, some are spiritual but not religious, and some practice entirely secular witchcraft.

There is no single set of rules governing all witchcraft. However, that does not mean that no Witch has rules. Particular traditions, covens and initiatory paths may have clearly defined teachings, ethical expectations and ritual practices.

The Wiccan Rede—“An it harm none, do what ye will”—the Threefold Law and the Ardanes belong primarily to Wiccan traditions and are not universal laws of witchcraft. The Witch’s Pyramid—To Know, To Dare, To Will and To Keep Silent—is influential in some magical traditions, but it is not binding upon every Witch either. Paganism, Wicca and witchcraft overlap, but they are not interchangeable.

It is equally important to understand that using one of these practices does not automatically make someone a Witch. Herbalists are not necessarily Witches. Tarot readers may be Christian, Pagan, secular or members of many other spiritual traditions. People may honor their ancestors or communicate with the dead without identifying their practice as witchcraft.

There is no required deck, herb, stone, spirit or deity. A Witch is not defined by owning the correct tools or matching a social-media category. Witchcraft is defined by the practice itself—and each Witch must decide, with honesty, intention and self-awareness, what that practice means in their own life.